eliteNurses Consult

  Gestational Diabetes (GDM): Nursing Notes & NMC 2026 Prep | EliteNurses Consult Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) — Nursing Notes & NMC 2026 Prep A clear, exam-focused guide for nursing students — causes, screening, management and nursing care. Join EliteNurses Consult — NMC 2026 Premium Batch What is Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM)? Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is glucose intolerance first recognized during pregnancy. It affects around 2%–5% of pregnant women and represents nearly 90% of pregnancy-related diabetes cases. Definition GDM is a metabolic disorder causing carbohydrate intolerance and variable hyperglycemia that begins or is first detected during pregnancy. Pathophysiology Placental and pregnancy hormones (HPL, estrogen, progesterone, prolactin, cortisol) decrease insulin effectiveness. If pancreatic beta cells cannot compensate by in...

  APGAR Score — Complete Nursing Guide | EliteNurses EN APGAR Score — Complete Nursing Guide for EliteNurses A concise, exam-focused and clinical reference for nursing students preparing for the NMC and clinical practice. Includes scoring, interpretation, nursing actions, mnemonic aids and a sample NMC-style question. For NMC 2026 Revision • Quick Reference Tutor: EliteNurses 💥 Join our Premium group for NMC 2026 Batch! Exclusive quizzes, mock tests, answer walkthroughs, and focused tutorials tailored to the 2026 NMC syllabus. 1️⃣ Use this link: EliteNurses Premium Group Introduction & Purpose The APGAR score is a rapid clinical tool developed by Dr. Virginia Apgar (1952) to evaluate a newborn’s immediate physiological status and to determine whether urgent resuscitative measures are ...

  Nephritic Syndrome (Nursing Lecture Notes) Nephritic Syndrome (Nursing Lecture Notes) Definition Nephritic syndrome is a renal disorder caused by inflammation of the glomeruli , resulting in leakage of red blood cells and proteins into the urine, reduction in glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and fluid retention. It is important to differentiate this condition from nephrotic syndrome , which is characterized by massive proteinuria and edema. Key Point: Nephritic = “Inflammation & Blood” → Hematuria + Hypertension + Oliguria Etiology (Causes) Nephritic syndrome can occur after infections, autoimmune reactions, or systemic diseases. Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN): follows throat or skin infection with group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus. Common in children. IgA nephropathy (Berger’s disease): hematuria after respiratory or GI infection. Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RP...

  Types of Jaundice in Pediatrics Jaundice in children refers to the yellowish discoloration of the skin, sclera, and mucous membranes due to increased bilirubin levels. It is very common in newborns but can also occur in older children. Below are the main types: 1. Physiological Jaundice Cause: Immature liver enzymes leading to slow bilirubin conjugation. Onset: Appears after 24 hours, peaks at day 3–5, and resolves within 1–2 weeks. Features: Mild, self-limiting, no disease. Management: Monitoring only, usually no treatment. 2. Pathological Jaundice This occurs when bilirubin rises excessively or too early. It is always abnormal. Causes: Hemolytic: ABO or Rh incompatibility, G6PD deficiency, spherocytosis. Infections: Neonatal sepsis, TORCH infections. Metabolic/Liver disease: Crigler–Najjar syndrome, biliary atresia, galactosemia. Features: Appears within 24 hours, bilirubin rises >5 mg/dL/day, lasts >2 ...

  Principles of Disease Management and Control Principles of Disease Management and Control 1. Pseudo-dementia is also known as: A. General paralysis of insane (G.P.I) B. Gansers syndrome C. Huntington’s chorea Correct Answer: B. Ganser’s syndrome. Pseudo-dementia refers to cognitive impairment due to psychiatric causes, often depression, and is sometimes called Ganser’s syndrome. 2. In which type of schizophrenia is personality much more preserved? A. Paranoid schizophrenia B. Catatonic schizophrenia C. Hebephrenic schizophrenia Correct Answer: A. Paranoid schizophrenia. Patients with paranoid type usually retain personality and cognitive functions better than other forms. 3. Which of the following is NOT a type of psychopath? A. Aggressive psychopath B. Depressive psychopath C. Creative psychopath Correct A...

  Nursing Quiz Login to Access the Quiz Enter the password to continue: Login Nursing Quiz (10 Questions) 1. A baby born 8 hours ago was examined and had yellowish discoloration of his eyes. The conclusion is: Pathological jaundice Physiological jaundice Blood incompatibility Correct Answer: A Rationale: Jaundice within 8 hours of life is most likely pathological. 2. A diabetic mother delivered a large-for-date baby. The reason is: Deposition of fats Polycythaemia Hyperinsulinism Correct Answer: C Rationale: Excess glucose leads to foetal hyperinsulinism, causing excessive growth. 3. A 22-year-old food vendor presents with purulent vaginal discharge after intercourse. Gonorrhoea test is positi...